Political Calculations Delay Comprehensive Election Reform in Montenegro

Political calculations are obstructing crucial reforms in Montenegro as the Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS) pushes for significant changes in the electoral system. Key proposals, including enhanced electoral rights for minorities and individuals with disabilities, direct elections for mayors, and open party lists, are at the forefront of discussions led by Nikola Rakočević, co-chair of the parliamentary committee for comprehensive electoral reform.

In a recent statement to the newspaper Pobjeda, Rakočević emphasized the necessity of cleaning up the voter registry. He expressed concerns about the current government’s willingness to engage in meaningful dialogue, describing it as an illusion given its ties to regional political engineering orchestrated from Belgrade. He asserted that the government is primarily focused on securing electoral support rather than genuine reform.

Rakočević noted that while the committee’s working groups are actively developing solutions, the timeline for achieving significant results remains tight. He expressed optimism about completing the necessary reforms by the end of December 2023 if there is sufficient political will from all parties involved.

“There is time to address the most critical aspects of the law if there is political will,” he stated, reiterating the importance of consensus to move forward. Should agreement prove elusive, he indicated that the committee would seek an extension of its working period, insisting that the topic of electoral reform must remain a priority until all parties accept the principles of full electoral democracy or provide justified arguments against proposed solutions.

The first phase of electoral reform, which included essential measures such as stricter reporting requirements for political entities on campaign financing, has been completed successfully despite challenges. Rakočević pointed out that establishing an independent and non-partisan Central Election Commission (CIK) and ensuring that at least 40 percent of candidates on electoral lists are women were significant achievements.

As the second phase of reform approaches, Rakočević highlighted that changes like open lists and direct elections for mayors are not only EU demands but also necessary for Montenegro’s internal democratic progress. He stressed that these steps would empower citizens by allowing them to choose candidates directly, enhancing transparency and accountability in governance.

Rakočević argued that these reforms are fundamental to democracy, stating, “I cannot imagine any justification for rejecting these two reforms.” Discussions within the committee are ongoing, with plans for public debate on the issues before the year’s end.

Despite his belief in the importance of incremental legislative changes, Rakočević insisted that working groups must utilize the available time effectively to prepare final proposals. He is optimistic that the legislative packages will be presented together at the end of the process.

Additionally, Rakočević mentioned the establishment of a commission to select new CIK members, expecting a public call for applications soon. The goal is to ensure that the commission is filled with individuals of high integrity, independence, and professional capability, further reinforcing the foundations of Montenegro’s electoral system.

As the political landscape evolves, the DPS remains committed to advancing open lists and direct mayoral elections, which Rakočević believes are essential for realizing the full democratic potential of Montenegro.