London Firefighters’ Cancer Risk: Alarming Findings Prompt Call for Action

A recent study commissioned by the Fire Brigades Union (FBU) reveals a troubling trend among London firefighters. The research indicates that these first responders face an increased risk of developing cancer, attributed to exposure to hazardous contaminants commonly found in modern buildings and during electric vehicle fires. Specifically, the study found that firefighters aged 35-39 are up to 323 percent more likely to be diagnosed with cancer compared to the general population in the same age group.

During a session on December 2, 2023, the London Assembly Fire Committee heard testimonies from FBU representatives who described the current cancer rates among firefighters as “extremely alarming.” Gareth Beeton, Regional Chair of the FBU, emphasized that London Fire Brigade (LFB) is the largest fire and rescue service in the UK and the fourth largest globally, leading to a higher exposure rate to various fire hazards.

The committee learned that the unique characteristics of London contribute to the heightened risk. Karl Smith, the London Region Deputy Health & Safety Co-ordinator for the FBU, stated that firefighters are over three times more likely to receive a cancer diagnosis, with about 4 percent of those surveyed reporting a cancer diagnosis. He highlighted the World Health Organization’s classification of firefighting as a Group 1A occupation, indicating the highest level of cancer risk. According to the WHO, being a firefighter equates to the health risks of smoking twenty cigarettes a day.

LFB’s Spencer Sutcliff, Deputy Commissioner, noted that London firefighters encounter a “confluence” of risks that sets them apart from their counterparts in other cities. He pointed to the dense urban environment, increased use of fire retardants in furnishings, and the proliferation of chemicals and plastics as significant factors. Additionally, the rise of electric vehicles has introduced new challenges, particularly concerning lithium battery fires.

In response to these findings, Smith called for urgent reforms within the LFB and at the governmental level to enhance safety standards and mitigate cancer risks. He proposed cultural changes within firefighting teams, including strict protocols to prevent contamination, such as prohibiting the storage of fire gloves in helmets after use.

Despite best efforts, funding limitations have significantly hindered improvements in firefighter safety. Smith noted that many firefighters are unable to decontaminate properly due to a lack of personnel to cover shifts, preventing them from showering within the recommended timeframe after exposure to contaminants. He stressed that inadequate facilities in older fire stations further exacerbate the situation, with dirty and clean areas not being distinctly separated.

Beeton underscored the pressing issue of funding, stating that it remains a significant barrier to upgrading safety measures and maintaining adequate staffing levels. He urged both the Mayor and Central Government to take action, citing the absence of additional funding since the recommendations stemming from the Grenfell Tower Inquiry. While the Mayor has provided some funding, Beeton highlighted that without support from the central government, essential safety upgrades cannot be realized.

“The need for substantial investment is clear,” Beeton stated. “When compared to international counterparts like those in Hong Kong, Tokyo, and Paris, the London Fire Brigade is significantly under-resourced.”

As London firefighters continue to face these alarming risks, concerted efforts from both the LFB and government authorities are essential to ensure their safety and well-being on the job. The ongoing discussions within the London Assembly serve as a reminder of the urgent need for action to protect those who protect the public.