Study Reveals Powerboats Disrupt Lake Ecosystems, Urges Caution

A recent study from the University of Minnesota has highlighted significant disturbances to lake ecosystems caused by recreational powerboats. Conducted over the 2022 and 2023 field seasons, researchers employed acoustic sensors to track the effects of various boat types on delicate underwater environments. The findings indicate that factors such as propeller thrust and associated wave patterns can disrupt the lakebed and its ecosystems.

The research team at the St. Anthony Falls Laboratory placed sensors at two different locations and depths to measure pressure and water velocities. They also collected sediment samples and assessed multiple water quality parameters. The study focused on seven types of powerboats commonly used across Minnesota’s lakes and rivers, evaluating their impact in different operational modes: displacement mode and planing mode for non-wakeboats, and semi-displacement mode for wakeboats.

Results revealed that all tested powerboats generate water currents and turbulence capable of disturbing the lakebed. Notably, the turbulence produced by wakeboats was found to resuspend sediments, potentially releasing nutrients such as phosphorus into the water. This nutrient release can lead to excessive algae growth, which poses further risks to aquatic life and overall water quality.

To mitigate these ecological impacts, the study recommends that all powerboats operate in at least 10 feet of water when cruising. For wakeboats engaged in surfing, a minimum depth of 20 feet is advised. Jeff Marr, co-author of the study and associate director of engineering and facilities at the St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, emphasized the importance of responsible boating practices.

“For all motorized boats, simply being careful about where you steer your boat and avoiding shallow spots can make a huge difference,” Marr stated. “Staying in deep water when you’re out on the water—especially when wakeboarding or surfing—is an easy and effective way to enjoy and protect our waterways.”

The final phase of this research is set to conclude in fall 2025. This phase will compare wind-driven waves to those generated by boats, further examining their respective impacts on lake environments.

In light of these findings, both boaters and environmental advocates are urged to consider their practices on the water. By ensuring greater awareness and adherence to recommended depths, the health of lake ecosystems can be better preserved for future generations.